Pdf effects of kolanut husk formulated feed at graded levels on. Prior to transesterification to biodiesel, the oil was pretreated with fe2so43 via esterification to reduce its high acid value content. Learn more about cola nut uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain cola nut. Nigeria is the worlds largest producer of kola nut. Some of the known health benefits of kola nuts and bitter kola include the following. The pod husk, which constitutes over 50% of the kola fruit, has been a farm waste to date.
The kola nut has always been popular in west africa but more than a hundred years ago it came to europe and the us. If you dont buy them in a bottle as a nutritional supplement, then you can eat the actual nut. The kola nut is the fruit of the kola tree, a genus of trees that are native to the tropical rainforests of africa. Yield observed at varying temperatures are 31, 23, 35% at 300, 400, 500oc, respectively. Chemical composition and antimicrobial analysis of the pods and. Inside the trees starshaped fruits are white shells, which contain the seeds or kola nuts. Optimization of sorrel oil biodiesel production by base. Kolanut pod husk is used for livestock feeds egbe and sobamiwa 1989 and has also been utilized. Nutritional value of kola kola nitida pod husk meal in.
Replacement value of kola nut husk meal for maize in rabbit diets. Proximate and nutritional composition of kola nut cola nitida, bitter. The weight of the various parts of the plants namely pod husk, seed and testa were accurately measured. The extract was prepared using the microwave extractor ethos. Chemicals in betel nut might pass into breast milk and harm a nursing infant. Also, chicken broilers fed with kola nut pod husk meal diets had an outstanding growth performance. Growth response, nutrient digestibility and organ characteristics of broiler. Chicken fed graded levels of kola pod husk meal kphm in a derived. Diets were formulated with kph meal replacing maize meal at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and fed to the fish for 56 days. The kola nut pods wastes were harvested, airdried, crushed and sieved into particle size sieves. The values of proximate analysis of kola nut pods showed a high percentage of cellulose content 38. Kola nut kolanut benefits include a caffeinecharged energy boost, natural weight loss with a metabolic increase, and promoting digestion. Combined effect of human urine hu, kola pod husk ash. Caustic potash from kola nut pod husk cola nitida, ugwu pod husk teleferia occidentalis and plantain peels musa paradisiaca were extracted using combustion and leaching process with distilled water as the solvent.
Harvesting of kolanut in kola ceremonies such as marriages, weddings, coronation, growing areas of the south eastern states is normally installation of high chiefs and traditional rulers, the done by plucking ripe pod. Effects of kola cultivation on soil fertility status of. A nursery experiment was carried out in akure rain forest zone, southwestern nigeria to study relative effects of some organic wastes as fertilizers on growth performance, soil and leaf chemical composition of cocoa seedlings theobroma cacao l. Kola nuts contain about 24% caffeine and theobromine, as well as tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids. Pdf kolanut production, processing and marketing in the. Proximate composition of some agricultural wastes in. Design of a processor for the production of 30,000 tons of. The conversion of sorrel oil to biodiesel through transesterification was conducted in the presence of calcined kola nut husk pod ash as a base heterogeneous catalyst. Carotene levels, for example, depend on the amount of chlorophyl, and outer green leaves. Laboratory experiment on soil nutrients mineralization and. In south western nigeria where large plantation is established, i discovered that kola nitida pod husk shares several similarities with coco pod husk.
Pdf proximate and nutritional composition of kola nut cola nitida. Weight of extract and caustic potash contents of kolanut pod husks. The objective of the current study therefore is to evaluate the combined effect of kolabased organic manure. In this study, the viability of using calcined cocoa pod husk ash ccpha as a catalyst for the transesterification of neem seed oil nso into biodiesel was investigated. They were collected from the fermentary unit of crin, ibadan during the dry season, sun dried and milled into. Proximate and nutritional composition of kola nut cola nitida, bitter cola. Many studies have investigated the use of cocoa pod husk, kola pod husks and mineral fertilizers for soil fertility management1, 2. The kola nut pod husk, which is a byproduct from processing the nut, is widely used for animal feeding because of its high nutritive content. Replacing dietary maize with kolanut husk meal can.
The ash contents recorded for coconut husk, cocoa pods, kola nut pods,ripe plantain peels and unripe plantain peels are 3. As a matter of fact, the fruit, seeds, nuts, and bark of the plant have been used for. Preparation and characterization of raw and activated carbon derived from three different selected agricultural wastes. Utilization of kola pod husk for telfaria occidentalis, corchorus.
Adsorption study of kinetics and equilibrium of basic dye. The usage of bitter kola is not limited to traditional activities alone. Bioline international official site site updated regularly. Kola nut is a seed derived from kola tree kola acuminate, kola nitida or kola. This can be achieved through a detailed study of the. Cocoa pod husk is a byproduct of theobroma cacao while kola husk is the cover of kola nut that is removed and discarded. Synergistic effects of organic and inorganic based. The need then arises for a physicochemical analysis that will ensure and monitor the nutritional and medicinal quality of the bioproducts from physical and chemical degradation.
The char yields of kola nut pods are also very high with 55. Kola nut pod, coconut husks were collected from dump sites while bean husk. Bbc future looks at how it helped create one of the worlds biggest products. The effect of nhexane extract of kola nitida bark on liver function test abstract kola bark extract have been widely used in tradition medicine for thousand of year, it improves liver. In some cases, it is used in the form of an extract or powder. African journal of plant science comparative effects of. If you take products that contain caffeine and you take lithium, stop taking caffeine products slowly. The polyphenolic constituents of kola nut pod are widely applied in food, biopharmaceutical, and petrochemical industries. Cola nut is used widely in nigeria and many west african countries as part of traditional hospitality, cultural, and social ceremonies. Coconut husk and cocoa pods however recorded lowest and highest respectively. The nut comes from the evergreen kola tree, which is found in the rainforests of africa. Tons of caustic potash per anum from cocoa pod husk i. Weight of extract and caustic potash contents of kola nuts pod husks, ugwu pod husk. Kolanut production, processing and marketing in the south.
Combined effect of kola testa based organic manure and npk. Betel nut can affect the central nervous system and this might endanger a pregnancy. Sustainable conversion of agrowastes into useful adsorbents. After consulting your doctor, if you decide that incorporating kola nuts into your diet is something you want to try, there are several ways to consume kola nuts. The kola nut has a bitter flavor and contains caffeine. This study was designed to evaluate the nutritive potential of replacing kola pod husk kph with conventional and increasingly expensive maize meal in the diet of clarias gariepinus.
Pdf extraction and potential application of caustic. Kola nut pod with seeds inside their white testa, and seeds whole without testa and split into cotyledons. Extraction and potential application of caustic potash. Kola cultivation and its effect on soil fertility status of selected kolanut. Pdf the proximate composition and the mineral content of three 3 traditional snacks. You may be surprised to learn that the kola nut aka kolanut is the. Effect of replacing maize with cocoa pod husk in the nutrition of oreochromis niloticus. Development of a novel mesoporous biocatalyst derived from. The objective of the current study therefore is to evaluate the combined effect of kola based organic manure and npk fertilizer on soil, leaf chemical. The kola nut is also used as an additive in energy drinks and performance enhancers. Kola nut, bitter kola and alligator pepper are traditional plants which are often eaten as snacks especially among the elderly in nigeria. Cocoa pod husk ash enhanced the vegetative growth of cocoa and cashew seedlings. Effect of replacing maize with cocoa pod husk in the. Nutritional value an overview sciencedirect topics.
The caffeine in cola nut can increase how quickly your body gets rid of lithium. Pdf kola nut is an important economic crop in the south eastern region of nigeria. Twostep conversion of neem azadirachta indica seed oil. The major byproduct of kola nut processing is the kola nut pod, and its disposal creates a serious challenge to the environment, as more than approximately 30,000 t of kola nut pod husk are. Nutritional value of kola kola nitida pod husk meal in the diet of clarias gariepinus juvenile this study was designed to evaluate the nutritive potential of replacing kola pod husk kph with. Chemical composition and potential commercial uses of kola nuts, cola nitida vent. Kola nut is also used as masticatory for its stimulating effect. The nutritional value of cabbages depends on their vitamin and mineral contents, which vary significantly with cultivar and method of preparation. Its crude protein content which is similar to that of maize suggests its possibility to partially replace maize in broiler finisher diets. Comparative effect of cocoa pod husk ash and npk fertilizer on soil and root nutrient content and growth of kola seedling. However, there were no contiguous kola farms in the south east.
A base heterogeneous catalyst was prepared from kola nut pod husk which was subsequently applied to conversion of kariya seed oil kso to produce biodiesel via. Similarly, obatolu 1995 reported the use of cocoa pod husk as fertilizer for coffee and maize production. One of the reasons why the kola nut is classified as a healthy food is because of its chemical components. Synergistic effects of organic and inorganic based fertilizers on soil, leaf chemical properties and growth performance of cola nitida. The coconut husk is available in large quantities as residue from coconut. The effect of adsorption parameters such as ph, initial concentration, adsorbent dose and contact time, and adsorption kinetics and isotherm of fuchsine basic fb dye removal by acid activated kola nut pod carbon kpac and base activated kola nut pod. Evaluation of kolapod husk meal in broiler finisher diets. Even though it is not nutrient rich in the traditional sense, it still has a chemical composition that offers many short term and long term health benefits. Kola has been used as a food additive in the united states since. The kola pod husk has been used in the manufacture of poultry feeds, snail feed kola t.
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